Spray gun



May 6, 41952 R. a. WHITE, JR 2,595,317

SPRAY GUN Filed May 6, 1946 2 Sl-lEETS--Sl-IEET l INVENTOR.

E055/ Even/v WHITE Je.

ATTO/ENE Y May 6, 1952 R, B, WHITEl H 2,595,317

SPRAY GUN Filed May 6, 1946 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 tf) IQ o Q d l() 1 Q f l G:- IN

N 11?/ T N o Q Q 5% 5L a Q/ i d .6 N #A n g N O INVENTOR.

ROBY BYeoN WHITE. Je.

BY @6MM A rToeA/Ey Patented May 6, 1952 SPRAY GUN Roby Byron White, Jr., United States Navy Application May 6, 1946, Serial No. 667,549

1 Claim.

(Granted under the act of March 3, 1883, as amended April 30, 1928; 370 O. G. 757) This invention relates in general to spraying apparatus and in particular to a spray gun for paint or the` like.

.An object of this invention is to provide a spraying device that is adapted -to operate from aportable reservoir of compressed gas.

Another object is to provide a spray gun that operates from a small container of a compressed gas or the like.

An additional object is'to provide a spray gun adapted to utilize as a source of compressed gas a cylinder of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, neon or the like.

Further objects and advantages of this invention, aswell as its construction, arrangement and operation will be apparent from the following description and claims in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a side elevation in cross section of a spray gun showing a prefer-red embodiment of this invention, and

Fig. 2 is a side elevation in cross section showing another embodiment thereonl Fig. 1 shows a spray gun generally designated I and including a reservoir I I secured removably to a head or connector I 2 on which is mounted a removable handle I3 containing a gas reservoir I4.

The gas reservoir I4 comprises a container of compressed, liquefied, or solidied gas, such as a small cylinder of highly compressed carbon-dioxide. In the preferred form of the invention, the cylinder is so arranged that the compressed gas contained therein is made available for use by puncturing the top of the cylinder.

The handle .f3 is adapted to t on the head and connector I2 by means of a threaded connection I5. The handle is hollow, having a recess I6 adapted to receive and retain the gas reservoir I4 and to hold the reservoir I4 in such a position that the top II of the reservoir is almost ush with the top of the handle. Optionally, the handle is shaped so as to lit comfortably within the hand of the operator and is designed with a linger grip or other structure conventional in tool handles and the like.

The head I2 has two studs I8 and I9 extending at an angle thereto, one at each end thereof. Stud I8 has one extremity threaded or otherwise litted to receive handle I3. Stud I9 preferably has `a portion threaded internally at its end to receive reservoir II thereon. A channel or tube 20 passes through head I2, opening at one end on the'surface of stud I8 distal head I2 and opening at the other end in stud I9 vso as to terminate within `reservoir II. Tube 20 is curved toward one end to by-pass a valve arrangement, hereinafter described, contained in head I9. Suitable packing 4S provides substantially tight connections between various parts of the sprayer IIJ,

end of tube 20 is a sharp, hollow needle 2 I, which is positioned and adapted to feed into tube 20. This needle is mounted on stud I8, for example by'ineans of washer 22, and optionally can be' countersunk partially within stud I8. The loweror pointed end ofneedle 2I is adapted to engage and enter the top I1 of reservoir I4.

When reservoiru I4 is placed within handle I3 and the handle is screwed on to the stud I8, needle 2| punctures the top Il of reservoir I4, thereby opening the seal of the reservoir and making the gas contained therein available for use. Passing through stud I9 and exiting from the front end of head I2 is a channel 23, which is adapted to carry a liquid from reservoir II to a nozzle 24. Nozzle 24, positioned at the exit point of channel 23 in an enlarged chamber 29 at the end thereof, is a conventionally designed nozzle preferably adapted to be screwed into the open end of chamber 29. A second channel 25 likewise leads from reservoir II to nozzle 24, joining chamber 29 somewhat before the position of the nozzle. A valve arrangement, hereinafter described, controls the now of gas or liquid though channels 25 and 23.

Positioned on stud I9 and adapted to feed into channel 23 is a tube 26, which extends to a point near the bottom of reservoir I I and is open thereat to permit entrance of the liquid, paint or the like stored in reservoir I. This tube 26 optionally is threaded and thus mounted removably on` stud I9. At 4the open end of tube 26 a lteringvv screen 2"! or similar device may be provided lto prevent entrance of dirt and other impurities into the tube and consequently to protect nozzle 24 from clogging.

Optionally, an auxiliary channel 28 leads from bore 3l to chamber 29 for the purposes of aiding in directing the iiow from reservoir II in a more satisfactory manner, producing a fine spray and providing an escape channel for liquid or paint trapped at the point of needle 39.

Fig. 1 shows one valve arrangement for controlling the flow from reservoir I I through nozzle 2t. This valve arran'vement comprises a needle 39 adac-ted to be moved within tube or bore 3|, and to shut off channels 23 and 25. When needle Si! is inserted fully within bore 3|, channels 23 and E5 are closed oil completely,` preventing ow of liquid or gas therefrom, and when needle 39 is Withdrawn partly from bore 3I, channel 23 is opened to permit free passage of liquid therethrough. In addition, a notch or passage 32 on needle 3Q is a portion of reduced cross-section so positioned that it is aligned with channel 25 when needle 33 is almost but not fully inserted into bore 3 I. A spring 33 is mounted in an enlarged recess 34 at the open end of bore 3| and positioned therein by means of nut 35, whereby needle 3l) is urged vconstantly in a direction to close olichannels 23 and 25. Needle 30 extends through nut 35 outside of stud I9, and the end of said needle issecured pivotally to a trigger handle 35, which in turn is mounted rotatably on head I2. Thus, as trigger handle 36 is pulled back, needle 30 is likewise pulled back against the urging of spring 33 to open channels 23 and 25.

As can be seen from Fig. 1, when trigger 36 is pulled back slowly, notch 32 is first aligned with channel 25, thus permitting some gas in the reservoir to escape from channel and nozzle 24 and thus cleaning out the nozzle 24. As trigger 36 is pulled further back, channel 25 is closed and needle opens channels 23 and 28, permitting the free passage of liquid through nozzle 24. Subsequently, when trigger 36 is released, channel 23 is first closed and then notch 32 is aligned with channel 25 to permit bleeding oi of some residual gas pressure, thereby serving to clean out nozzle 24 `and channels 23 and 25. Optionally, a plug 38 is positioned at the rear of head I2 and adapted to bescrewed into the head to close ol channel 20 between reservoirs I4 and II. Bleeding of all the residual gas pressure through notch 32 after spraying is completed permits complete release of the gas pressure for subsequent disassembly of the gun.

In Fig. 2 there is shown another form of valve arrangement and spray adjustment.

A valve stem 40 is mounted in a bore 3|a in an arrangement similar to the mounting of valve needle 30 in Fig. l. The position of valve stem 4|) is controlled by spring 33 and plug 35 in a manner similar to that shown in Fig. l. Mounted on valve stem 40 is a guide 4| that divides bore 3Ia between channel 23a and channel 25a, guiding stem 40. Said guide 4| is ovalin crosssection, permitting passage of gas about bore 3| to clean out channel 23a and nozzle 24a. A valve-trip 42 mounted on stem 49 is adapted to coact with a valve 43 positioned in channel 25a adjacent to valve stem 40, so that valve 43 can be opened to permit the escape of gas through channel 25a. A second valve-trip 44, oval in cross-section, is positioned at the inner end of valve stem 40 and is adapted to open valve 45, which is similarly positioned in tube 23a. Thus, when trigger 36 is pulled back, valve-trip 42 first opens valve 43 and permits an escape of gas, which serves to clear out nozzle 24. As trigger 36 is pulled further back, valve trip 44 opens valve 45, thus ejecting liquid through nozzle 24a. As the trigger is released, the flow of liquid through valve 45 is cut off, and subsequently valve-trip 42 opens valve 43, permitting the bleeding off of excess gas pressure for cleaning of nozzle 24a. Springs 43a. and 45a hold valves 43 and 45 normally in a closed position.

A. thumb screw adjustment 46 controls an adjusting member 41 adapted to vary the character of the ejected spray.

In the form of the invention shown in Fig. 2, the results accomplished are similar to the results obtained by the form shown in Fig. 1, with the difference that a valve and valve-trip combination is used to control the iiow of gas and liquid instead of a needle-valve arrangement as shown in Fig. 1.

It is understood, of course, that reservoir I4 can bean integral part of handle I3, whereby the entire handle and reservoir is replaceable.

The spray apparatus described herein is adapted for use with a small portable reservoir of compressed gas, and accordingly is suflicient within itself and does not need an external power source 4 or the like. The choice of the compressed gas obviously will depend on the nature of the spray. For example, in paint spraying where paint to be used is not substantially a solvent for carbon dioxide, it is understood that the most convenient gas reservoir will be a small cylinder of carbon dioxide. However, where carbon-dioxide gas is substantially soluble in the paint, it will be necessary to use another gas such as compressed air, nitrogen, neon or the like.

The spraying apparatus described herein is particularly adapted for use in connection with a dissolved-type paint such as lacquer or the like. or in connection with a sediment-type paint wherein the particles are suiiciently small so as not to clog the nozzle or valve arrangement.

It is further understood thatnumerous variations in the structure and operation vof the spray. ing apparatus can be made without departing from the scope ofthe invention. For example, there has been shown a plug (refer to plug 38 in Figs. 1 and 2) adapted to shut oi 'the' iiow of compressed air from reservoir I4. lIt is obvious that this plug type of control can be replaced -by an automatic control operated directly from trigger 36.

The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government of the United States of America for governmental purposes Without the payment of any royalties thereon or therefor.

I claim:

A sprayer comprising a head, a spray nozzle, liquid reservoir and compressed-gas reservoir mounted in said head, means to feed gas from said gas reservoir to said liquid reservoir, a tube communicating between the nether portion of said liquid reservoir and said nozzle through a passageway in said head, a'channel communieating between said liquid reservoir and said nozzle, a bore in said head intersecting said passageway and said channel, and a spring-loaded, trigger-actuated element mounted slidably in said bore to seal said passageway and said channel. said element having a portion of reduced crosssection positioned to be aligned with said channel when said element is Withdrawn partly from said bore and to be out of such alignment when said element is withdrawn further from said bore to permit passage of liquid through said tube, and a second channel communicating between said nozzle and the end of said bore proximate said nozzle.

ROBY BYRON WHITE, JR'.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the ille of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,427,495 Norris Aug. l29, 1922 1,536,352 Murray May 5, 1925 1,750,512 Ewald Mar. 11, 1930 1,906,975 Larson May 2, 1933 1,911,367 Kitto May 30, 1933 1,912,759 Clark June 6, 1933' 1,919,153 Andrews July 18, 1933 1,935,973 Altmann Nov. 21, 1933 2,027,103 Johnson et al Jan. 7, 1936 2,052,362 Roselund Aug. 25, 1936 2,098,454 Kelly, Jr. Nov. 9, 1937 2,362,784 Ward Nov. 14, 1944 2,372,678 McKay Apr. 3, 1945 2,380,827 Downs July 3l, 1945 

